Loud-speaker



Nov. 19, 1929. M. R. Hum sm LOUD SPEAKER Filed June l8, 1926 description proceeds,n1y invention consists in Fatented Nov. 19, i929 was err MILLER nnnsn nnromson, or was]: cannon, NEW JERSEYJASSIGNOR, BY masnn' I nssrenmnms, 'ro ACOUSTIC rraonucrsoomrany, on NEW. YORK, my, A com "rona'rion OF DELAWARE h Application filed June 18,

This invention relates to further improvements in acoustic apparatus as embodied in 5 combination of partsand principles, to produce superior results in radio reception throughout the musical scale.

It is also an ob.'ect of my invention to construct a scientific, and at the same time a cornpact instrument of superior power as to intensity and volume of so'undwithout distortion,[and to project sound with increased clearness and truth.

With the above and certain other objects in View which will become apparent as the the novel parts and combination of arts, all as hereinafter will be more fully escribed and particularlypointed out in the claims.

In a co e ding patent application, Serial Number 8%,073, filed February 9 a 1926, loud speakers, and in another copending patent application, Serial Number 98,763, filed March 20, 1926, loud speakers, and in still another patent application, Serial Number 112,034, filed May 27 1926,.loud speakers, I have set forth specifications, drawings and claims covering difierent designs and principles of loud speakers more or less pertinent so to my present'invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which like numerals designate like parts in all the views:

- 1 Figure I is a side view of one design of one of my instruments, partly in section and partly in elevation.

Figure 11 is a one-half front elevational view of one design of one ofmy instruments, being 40 particularly the one-half front .view of Figure I or of Figure III. Figure U1 is a side elevational view of one design of one of my instruments with a somewhat difterent distribution of partsover the design shown in Figure 1. I

Figure IV is a side .viewpartly in section and partly in elevation of another design of one of my instruments.

Figure V1 is a side view in partial cross section and partial elevation of a modifica- LOUD-SPEAKER.

1923. semi No.116,854.

tion of the instrument shown in Figure IV. Figure V is a diagrammatic view partly in section and partly in elevation of a modifi' cation of Fi re 1: i

.With furt er reference to Figure I, 10 is an electromagnetic diaphragm telephone re- A ceiver system of standard design with short lengths of protruding coiled connecting wires. Since I have illustrated and fully described this type of electro-magnetic'diaphragm reso ceiver in my previous patent applications, and since it comprises the well-known parts of permanent steel magnets, soft iron pole pieces, insulated wire wlndmgs, diaphragm, rings or washers, and so forth, it is'not deemed necesc5 sary' to illustrate it further here; This stand-- ard telephone unit is provided with an-open throatway shown exteriorly at 11,- leading from the dia hragm to the hole or opening 12, in the bac plate member 13. 14 is a like electro-magnetic diaphragm telephone receiver system, but it has in the place of an open throatway, a small guideway 15 for the reception'of the light wire. rod'piston 1 6 one end of which .joins or touches the diaphragm of the telephone receiver unit (diaphragm not shown) and the other end terminating in screw threads (also .too small to be'sliown) in the discs or buttons-17. I

These discs or buttonsnotonly act to hold so securely the membrane or material of-the cone sound projector member 18, but serve as tuning weights, since I may use heavy or light discs or buttons, according to adjustment and characteristics of resonance required, or I may use a series of light discs or buttons screwed on successively to'increase the mass which must be set in'vibratory motion by the wire piston 16, in contact with the diaphragm. The back plate member 13, supporting the telephone unit 10, terminates in the flare shown at 1919. The front plate 20, supporting the telephone unit 14, terminates in the flare 21, 21. 20, 20, furthermore supports the small conical sound deflector-26 opposite the opening 12in the back plate member 13 and serves to deflect the sound waves from the telephone unit 10 towards the flares 19,19, and 21,21, and 21, 21, embrace and confine air in the space 22. A wooden ring mem- 1 *theconfined air 22, at the indicated eccentric ber23 supports 'the outer edge. or periphery of the fibre parchment or membraneof the cone18. 1

With further reference to Figure II which shows a left handiportion'ofa front view of- Figure I as well-as a front view of Figure III, 17 are the discs or buttons at the apex .of-the conical membrane 18 held at its periphery by the wooden ring 23, and 19, 19,

and 21,21, are the flares of the air confining With further referenceto Figure III,-th'e.

end of the .wire piston is shown at '16, the

weighting disEs or buttons t 17 at.the apex of the parchment cone 18, actuated by the telephone receiver unit shown in dotted lines at 14. The back plate 13 is here shown in elevation mounting the telephone receiver unit 10 at a position eccentric'to-the middle or apex of the cone 18. The diaphragm of this unit 10 communicates its vibrations'to or off center position from themember 13,

and also eccentric or off center from the apex I of the cone member 18.

With further reference to Figure IV, 13 is the back plate member. 14, 14, are a pair of.

telephone receiver units equipped with the guideways 15, 15, such as Iem loy inFigures I, II and III on the cone members. The wire pistons 16, 16, and the discsor buttons .17 17, attached to the cones 18, 18, which are in the present designcentrally located and mutual-.'

opposed, and supported at the wooden rings 23, 23, and 24, 24, and furthermore the wooden discs 27, 27, suppbrtlhe telephone units 14,14. Here I secure the double and powerful effect of two electromagnetic diaphragm systems actuating two mutually opposed cone loudspeaker rojectors, delivering vibrations of the con ned air 22 against the curved reflector member 25, 25.,

With further reference to Figure VI, I again show a somewhat like construction with the telephone receivers at 14, 14, and the two mutually opposed cones 18, 18, but the done at the right hand side of the diagram is, of smaller diameter than the cone at the left hand side of the diagram, and therefore will have atotally difierent resonance period, or musical note, over the cone at the left hand side of the disc and will communicate vibra tions to the confined air 22 and be deflected by the curvedmember 25.

essential principle of my instruments than actual working drawings. to illustrate my invention in this diagrammatic way in the interest of c'learness leaving minor details in the matterof giving support to certain co-operating members. of the I have preferred design to. the skill and-art of the manufac-' I turer.

Although I have shown bin ations of telephone receivers, confined air masses (confined in the sense that air for resonating purposes in confined in other musical instruments) and cone members, I do not wish it to be -understood that I am restricted to these precise combinations because the principles underlying the mutual action of my confined air masses and cone and disc sound pro ectors are accompanied by, new and surprisingv results, and I am claiming broadly the associations of these a number of com- I fundamentals. Furthermore, I do not confine myself to-telephone receivers as sound emitting devices,s1nce I may use otherde-. vices or systems, such, for example, as musical arcs or speaking arcs, or apparatus Without djaphragms, without departing from'the spirit of my invention. 7

With the combination or association of a pancakeor deep pie shaped mass of air, a sound emittingdevice therefore, and a cone loud speaker element with a sound emitting device therefore, I secure new and superior results." I also secure greater power or volume in my sound projection because I employ two soundeinitting devices connected to the source of sound producing energy; I may I connect my. sound emitting devices, whether they be telephone receivers, or musical or speaking arcs in series-or in parallel.

' In the design shown in Figure I, I secure unusual results when the cone speaker element is weighted or adjusted for bass notes, and the confined air between the plate mem bers has different characteristics as to resonance. I am, therefore, with this design and construction enabled to, cover a very wide range of what I may term the musical spectrum. I am not so successful however, with instruments of small disc construction because the column of air'is so short for each hypothetical horn in the pancake desi that only high pitched notes,-such as picco 0, high tions, apportioning resonating masses of air of increasing lengths, but I desire to cover fundamentally-the several phases ofmy invention, and be not restricted to the hypothetical horns since I may actually lay them ofi between my discs with partitions.

When I say pie-shaped mass of air, I should point out that segments or pie shaped masses which maybe laid 0E by lines or actual artitions, drawn or laid from the eccentrica y positioned opening, to the periphery, are modified at the peripheryover true pie-shaped masses because of the flare due to the horn shaped reflector periphery of the two plates. However, I secure pie-shaped, or wedge shaped masses of confined air with fiares, the links of the v pie-shaped or wedge shaped masses of air which may be portionedotf having obviously now various lengths.

By selecting various weights, 17, for my piston wires actuating the cones 18, I am enabled to secure the bassest notes on the minical scale, clear and strong without conflict or interference with theseries of higher. notes, tones and overtones which emanate from my pan cake masses of resonating confined air between the associated discs of plates. It

would be inconvenient, if not impossible, to secure the results obtained by 'either the cone alone or the resonating pie-sha ed masses of confined air, unless each mem er was constructed upon a prohibitive scale.

To secure the bass notes from a pie-shaped. mass of air which are forthcoming from my Weighted cone, I would have to utihzeair confining discs or plates of great diameter to secure columns of air long enough to resonate .at the bassest notes. Upon analysis and study of my instrument with combination of cone and confined air segments, it now be comes apparent how I secure the wide range of notes, tones and overtones without interference, and by virtue of a duplex sound emitting it can'be appreciated how I am also enabled to secure great power and volume of sound, accompanied by scientific truth of sound.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. A loud speaker comprising a pair of plates with an air space between,-horn-like flares at the peripheries of the plates, an opening eccentric to the center in one of the plates, a soundv emitting device in communication with said opening, and a second sound emitting device in communication with the apex of a cone sounding member.

2. A loud speaker comprising a pair of plates with an air space between, horn-like flares at the peripheries of the plates, an opening eccentric to the center in one of the plates, a sound emitting device in communication with said opening, a sound deflector substantially opposite the said opening, and a second sound emitting device in communication with the apex of a cone sounding member.

Signed at New York 'n the county of New York and State of New York,this 8th day oi June, A. D., 1926.

MILLER REESE HUTCHISON. 

